The EC permanent residence permit is an independent, unlimited residence title. It entitles the holder to pursue gainful employment. In contrast to the settlement permit, the EC permanent residence permit is governed by Council Directive 2003/109/EC of November 25, 2003 concerning the legal status of third-country nationals who are long-term residents (Permanent Residence Directive). In contrast to the settlement permit, it enables mobility within most member states of the European Union.

Since September 1, 2011, these residence permits have generally been issued as electronic residence permits (eAT) - in credit card format. Among other things, biometric features (1 photograph, 2 fingerprints) are also stored in it. Furthermore, the eAT can - optionally - also be used as electronic proof of identity (eID) in the course of e-government and e-business as well as for electronic signatures.