As of July 1, 2013, dog owners must have proof of expertise (dog license).

The certificate of competence test can be taken at the competent authority.

Anyone who can prove that they have continuously kept a dog (or looked after a dog for a legal entity) for at least two years within the last 10 years before taking up dog ownership is deemed to be knowledgeable by experience.

If the dog is registered for dog tax in the name of a person or if a liability insurance contract is in the name of this person, this is evidence that this person is the owner of the dog in the legal sense.

If other persons, e.g. children living in the household, regularly handle, lead and look after the dog, they are not considered to be the owner in the legal sense. If, for example, children leave the parental household and take the dog with them, they must prove their own expertise as a new owner by passing a theoretical and practical test.

In addition, certain groups of people are deemed to be competent: e.g. veterinarians, people who take usability tests for hunting dogs or who have successfully passed such a test with a dog, animal shelter operators, service dog handlers and guide dog handlers for the disabled. However, if such a dog becomes conspicuous, e.g. if complaints about it are received by the competent authority, the competent authority can also subsequently prescribe the certificate.